Treatments

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is the process of fertilizing eggs outside of the body. The treatment for every couple is planned and managed in an individualized manner. The process typically takes three steps – (1) collection of mature eggs from the ovaries, (2) fertilization of eggs by the sperm in a lab, and (3) transfer of embryos, or fertilized eggs, in the uterus. IVF may take more than one cycle to succeed.

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is an infertility treatment where sperm is placed directly into the uterus. The goal of this procedure is to improve the chances of fertilization by helping the best quality sperm reach the fallopian tubes when the woman is most fertile. It reduces the time and distance the sperm must travel and increases the chance of pregnancy.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a assisted reproduction procedure where a single sperm is selected and inserted directly into an egg to achieve fertilization. This is done in a lab by an embryologist. The fertilized embryos are kept in the lab for several days and the most viable ones are transferred to the woman’s uterus. This is the most common and successful treatment for male infertility.

Fertility preservation is the process of saving or protecting eggs, sperm, embryos, or reproductive tissue to help patients preserve their chances for future reproduction. This is a common option for those whose fertility is compromised due to their illnesses or health conditions, those that are about to undergo treatment for cancer or autoimmune diseases, or those who simply want to delay childbirth for personal reasons.

Recurrent pregnancy loss is classified as having two or more miscarriages of a clinically-recognized pregnancy before 20 weeks. Also known as repeated miscarriage, this can be caused by several factors including abnormalities in the uterus, cervical insufficiency, endocrine issues, autoimmune diseases, and lifestyle-related elements. The choice of treatment will be determined through a comprehensive assessment, including blood work, scans, and diagnostic tests.

High-risk pregnancies arise when potential complications could pose a threat to the health of the mother, her baby, or both. Factors that make pregnancy high risk include age (women younger than 17 or older than 35), preexisting medical conditions (lupus, diabetes, hypertension, etc.) or genetic risks (sickle cell disease, spinal muscular atrophy, cystic fibrosis, etc.). Such pregnancies require management, monitoring, and extra care by experienced specialists to ensure the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the baby.

Endometriosis is a painful condition where the normal lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterine wall and spreads to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder, or anywhere within your abdomen and pelvic area. This leads to inflammation and scarring inside the pelvic cavity causing disruptions to fertility. Treatments may include medications, surgical procedures, and assisted reproductive technologies for infertility.

Polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrine disorder that can lead to ovulation problems, making it difficult for women to conceive. There are several ways to improve fertility for patients with PCOS, including lifestyle changes, medications, surgeries, and assisted reproduction technologies. The best treatment will be tailored to the patient’s individual circumstances.

Modern genetic testing options help couples optimize their fertility treatments and make the best decision for how you should build your family. Genetic screening can reveal the risk of the parents passing certain disorders to their children, as well as help them select healthier embryos, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy. It is often recommended for couples who have had recurrent miscarriages, multiple failed IVF treatments, and a family history of genetic risks.

Testicular Excisional Sperm Extraction (TESE) is performed when a man’s ejaculate has no measurable sperm, a condition called obstructive azoospermia. It involves making a small incision in the scrotum and collecting sperm directly from the testes. TESE can be performed under local anesthesia or general anesthesia. It is done for patients who are having sperm collected for IVF or ICSI.

Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA) is a minimally invasive technique used to retrieve sperm from the epididymis, helping men with fertility issues. It is a relatively safe and effective procedure that can be used in men who have difficulty producing sperm or who have had their vas deferens (sperm duct) blocked. It is a good option for men who want to have their own biological children through assisted reproduction techniques such as IVF.

Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA) is a medical procedure that involves extracting sperm directly from the testicles for assisted reproductive treatments, providing an option for men facing fertility issues. These retrieved sperm can then be used for assisted reproductive treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).